Understanding Social Science
Integrated Social Science: Learn the questions, evidence, values, and connections of the four social-science disciplines.
Social Science · Class 9
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Shaping of the Earth's Surface
Geography: Explain plate tectonics, internal structure, gradation, landforms, and geological hazards.
Atmosphere and Climate
Geography: Connect atmospheric structure, Indian seasons, monsoons, climate change, floods, and carbon footprints.
Early Humans and Beginning of Civilisation
History: Follow human evolution, tool traditions, farming, cities, and early civilisations through evidence.
State and Society (up to 1000 CE)
History: Analyse Vedic society, early empires, learning traditions, crafts, guilds, and trade.
Democracy
Political Science: Evaluate democratic meanings, forms, histories, institutions, and contemporary challenges.
Elections
Political Science: Study electoral systems, administration, parties, constituencies, and representative accountability.
Building Blocks in Economics
Economics: Use scarcity, opportunity cost, central questions, economic systems, and welfare to analyse choices.
The Price Puzzle: What Drives the Market
Economics: Apply demand, supply, equilibrium, intervention, and market-failure reasoning.
Oceans and Life
Geography: Analyse ocean relief, water movement, resources, hazards, livelihoods, and maritime cooperation.
Life on Earth
Geography: Compare biomes, biosphere reserves, forest livelihoods, conservation, ecotourism, and wildfire risk.
Resistance and Resilience (1000 CE–1700 CE)
History: Evaluate regional sovereignty, alliances, forts, economy, arts, languages, and Bhakti traditions.
India and the World—I (1900 BCE–1200 CE)
History: Trace commercial, cultural, and knowledge connections with neighbouring civilisations.
Authority
Political Science: Examine legitimacy, justice, security, constitutional authority, institutions, and citizen responsibility.
From Ideas to Startups
Economics: Follow entrepreneurship from problem identification through resources, plans, finance, execution, and accounting.
Smart Ways to Manage Your Finances
Economics: Build practical understanding of budgets, inflation, interest, saving, investing, insurance, and tax.